GATE Economics New Latest & Revised Syllabus 2025 Download PDF

GATE Economics Latest Syllabus

In This Article, We Will Discuss the Complete Details Syllabus of GATE Economics [Code -XH C1] As Per the New Updated Syllabus 2025

Gate Economics [Latest Syllabus] Part of Optional Sections Paper XH (Humanities and Social Sciences)is One of The Most Important Exams of GATE, Subject is Divided into 7 Chapters & Asked 40 Questions Based on MCQ, MSQ & NAT, 20 Questions Based on 1 Marks Each & Remain 20 Questions 2 Marks Each. Apart from That Reading Comprehension ( Compulsory ) Include, 15 Questions Gives 25 Marks, & General Aptitude 10 Questions 5 Questions Based on 1 Marks Each & Remains 5 Question 2 Marks Each. Total 100 Marks Paper, Total 55 Questions Asked in Exam. Economics Subjects Based on Details Topics Like – Microeconomics, Macro Economics, Statistics, Econometrics, and Mathematical Economics, etc Syllabus is Lengthy & Paper Level is Moderate to Hard

Table of Contents

Overview of Gate Economics Exam 2025-

ParticularsDetails
Examination ModeComputer Based Test (Online)
Duration3 Hours
Number of Subjects3 Papers
SectionGeneral Aptitude (GA) + Reading Comprehension + Economics
Type of QuestionsMultiple Choice Questions (MCQs)Multiple Select Questions (MSQs)Numerical Answer Type (NAT) Questions
Design of QuestionsThe questions are designed to test the listed abilitiesApplicationAnalysisComprehensionRecallSynthesis
Number of Questions65 Questions (including 10 questions from General Aptitude)
Total Marks100 Marks
Marking SchemeAll of the questions will be worth 1 or 2 marks
Negative MarkingTwo types of MCQs: MCQs – 1 mark for each correct answer; 1/3 mark will be deducted for every wrong answer
MCQs – 2 marks for each correct answer; 2/3 marks will be deducted for every incorrect response.
There is no negative marking for Numerical Answer Type (NAT) questions NO negative marking for MSQ & NAT.

GATE Economics (Code -C1) Latest Syllabus 2025

Here is the Complete Latest Syllabus of Economics Check the Complete Details Given Below in Table

UnitsSubjects / Topic Name
Chapter -1 : Micro EconomicsTheory of Consumer Behaviour: Cardinal Approach and Ordinal
Approach; Consumer Preferences; Nature of the utility function; Marshallian and Hicksian
demand functions; Duality Theorem. Slutsky equation and Comparative Statics.
Homogeneous and Homothetic Utility Functions; Euler’s Theorem. The Theory of
Revealed Preference: Weak Axiom of Revealed Preference and Strong Axiom of
Revealed Preference, Theory of Production and Costs: Short-run and Long-run Analysis,
Existence, Uniqueness and Stability of Market Equilibrium: Walrasian and Marshallian
Stability Analysis. The Cobweb Model, Decision making under uncertainty and risk.
Asymmetric Information: Adverse Selection and Moral Hazard. Theory of Agency costs.
The Theory of Search, Non-Cooperative games: Constant sum game, Mixed Strategy &
Pure Strategy, Bayesian Nash Equilibrium, SPNE, Perfect Bayesian Equilibria., Theory of
Firm: Market Structures — Competitive and Non-competitive equilibria and their efficiency
properties. Structure-Conduct-Performance Paradigm, Factor Pricing: Marginal
productivity Theory of Distribution in Perfectly Competitive markets; Theory of Employment
in Imperfectly Competitive Markets — Monopolistic Exploitation, General Equilibrium
Analysis. Welfare Economics: Fundamental Theorems, Social Welfare Function.
Efficiency Criteria: Pareto-Optimality.
Chapter 2: Macro EconomicsNational Income Accounting: Closed Economy Concepts and
Measurement and Open Economy Issues, Determination of output and employment:
Classical & Keynesian Framework, Theories of Consumption: Absolute Income
Hypothesis, Relative Income Hypothesis, Life-Cycle Hypothesis, Permanent Income
Hypothesis and Robert Hall’s Random Walk Model; Investment Function Specifications –
Dale Jorgenson’s Neoclassical Theory of Capital Accumulation and Tobin’s, Keynesian
Stabilization Policies, (Autonomous) Multipliers and Investment Accelerator, Demand and
Supply of Money, Components of Money Supply, Liquidity Preference and Liquidity Trap,
Money Multiplier, Interest Rate determination, Central Banking, Objectives, Instruments
(Direct and Indirect) of Monetary Policy, Prudential Regulation, Quantitative Easing
(Unconventional Monetary Policy), Commercial Banking, Non-Banking Financial
Institutions, Capital Market and its Regulation, Theories of Inflation and Expectations
Augmented Phillips Curve, Real Business Cycles, Adaptive Expectations Hypothesis,
Rational Expectation Hypothesis and its critique. Closed Economy IS-LM Model and
Mundell Fleming Model: Monetary and Fiscal Policy Efficacy. The Impossible Trinity.
Chapter- 3 : Statistics, Econometrics and Mathematical Economics:Probability Theory:
Concepts of probability, Probability Distributions [Discrete and Continuous], Central Limit
Theorem, Index Numbers and Construction of Price Indices, Sampling Methods &
Sampling Distribution, Statistical Inferences, Hypothesis Testing, Linear Regression
Models and the Gauss Markov Theorem, Heteroscedasticity, Multicollinearity and
Autocorrelation, Spurious regressions and Unit roots, Simultaneous Equation Models –
recursive and non-recursive. Identification Problem, Differential Calculus and its
Applications, Linear Algebra – Matrices, Applications of Cramer’s Rule, Static Optimization
Problems and Applications, Input-Output Model, Linear Programming, Difference
equations and Differential equations with applications
Chapters-4: International EconomicsTheories of International Trade, International Trade
under Imperfect Competition, Gains from Trade, Terms of Trade, Trade Multiplier, Tariff
and Non-Tariff barriers to trade; Dumping and Anti-Dumping Policies, GATT, WTO and
Regional Trade Blocks; Trade Policy Issues, Balance of Payments: Composition,
Equilibrium and Disequilibrium and Adjustment Mechanisms, Foreign Exchange Market
and Arbitrage, Exchange rate determination, IMF & World Bank.
Chapters-5: Public EconomicsPublic Economics: Market Failure and Remedial Measures: Asymmetric
Information, Public Goods, Externality, Regulation of Market – Collusion and Consumers’
Welfare, Public Revenue: Tax & Non-Tax Revenue, Direct & Indirect Taxes, Progressive
and non-Progressive Taxation, Incidence and Effects of Taxation, Public expenditure,
Public Debt and its management, Public Budget and Budget Multiplier, Tax Incidence,
Fiscal Policy and its implications, Environment as a Public Good, Market Failure and
Coase Theorem, Cost-Benefit Analysis.
Chapters-6: Development EconomicsDevelopment Economics: Theories of Economic Development: Adam Smith, David
Ricardo, Karl Marx, J. Schumpeter, W. Rostow, Balanced & Unbalanced Growth, Big Push
Approach, Indicators of Economic Development: HDI, SDGs, MDGs, Poverty and
Inequalities – Concepts and Measurement Issues, Social Sector Development: Health,
Education, Gender, Fertility, Morbidity, Mortality, Migration, Child Labor, Age Structure,
Demographic Dividend, Models of Economic Growth: Harrod-Domar, Solow, Ramsey,
Technical progress – Disembodied & Embodied, Endogenous Growth Models.
Chapters -7: Indian EconomyEconomic Growth in India: Pattern and Structure, Agriculture,
Industry & Services Sector: Pattern & Structure of Growth, Major Challenges, Policy
Responses, Rural & Urban Development – Issues, Challenges & Policy Responses, Flow
of Foreign Capital, Trade Policies, Infrastructure Development: Physical and Social;
Public-Private Partnerships, Reforms in Land, Labour and Capital Markets, Poverty,
Inequality & Unemployment, Functioning of Monetary Policy in India, Fiscal Policy in the
Indian context: Structure of Receipts and Expenditure, Tax reforms-Goods and Services
Tax, Issues of Growth and Equity, Fiscal Federalism, Centre-State Financial Relations and
Finance Commissions of India; Sustainability of Deficits and Debt, The Fiscal
Responsibility and Budget Management Act 2003, Demonetization and aftermath. India’s
balance of payments, Composition of India’s Trade, Competitiveness of India’s exports,
India’s exchange rate policy.
https://wa.link/kjooh2

GATE Economics (XH- C2) Important Topics Chapter Wise-

Topics Included in GATE Economics SyllabusImportant-topics
Microeconomics Theory of Consumer Behaviour, Consumer Preferences, Duality Theorem, Euler’s Theorem, The Theory of Revealed Preference,  Walrasian and Marshallian Stability Analysis,  Theory of Agency costs, rfect Bayesian Equilibria, etc.
International EconomicsTheories of International Trade, Gains from Trade, International Trade under Imperfect Competition,  Dumping and Anti-Dumping Policies. WTO, GATT, etc.
Developmental EconomicsTheories of Economic Development, Indicators of Economic Development, Endogenous Growth Models, Disembodied and Embodied, etc.
Macroeconomics National Income Accounting, Classical and Keynesian Framework, Absolute Income Hypothesis, Relative Income Hypothesis, Components of Money Supply, Theories of Inflation and Expectations, etc.
Public EconomicsMarket Failure and Remedial Measures, Regulation of Market, Public Budget and Budget Multiplier,  Progressive and non-Progressive Taxation, Direct and Indirect Taxes, etc.
Indian EconomyEconomic Growth in India, Functioning of Monetary Policy in India,  Demonetization and Aftermath, Fiscal Policy in the Indian Context, etc.
Statistics, Econometrics & Mathematical EconomicsCentral Limit Theorem, Probability Theory, Linear Regression Models and the Gauss Markov Theorem, Multicollinearity and Autocorrelation, Heteroscedasticity, Static Optimization Problems and Applications, etc

Who Can Apply for Gate Economics [IIT] Exam?

Who Can Apply for Gate Economics Exam?

There is no specified minimum pass percentage in the qualifying exam to apply for GATE exam 2025 . To be eligible for GATE, the applicants should have cleared B.Tech/ B.E. / B.Pharm or B. Arch or B.Sc. (Research)/ B.S. or M. Sc. / M.A. / MCA or Professional Society Examination (equivalent to B.Tech/ B.E. / B.Arch) or Integrated B.S.-M.S. / Integrated M.Sc. or Integrated M.E./ M.Tech (Post-B.Sc.) or Integrated M.E./ M.Tech or Dual Degree (after Diploma or 10+2) . For Economics You Must Have Under Graduation in Related Subject of Economics. Following Degree Given Exam Below

  • BA in Economics
  • B.com in Economics
  • B.tech in Economics
  • BA in Economics and Business Administration
  • B.B.A. Economics
  • Bachelor of Arts in Economics and Finance
  • & More

GATE Economics (Code -C1) Exam Pattern-

Total Number of Questions in GATE 2025

  • GATE 2025 will have a total of 55 + 10 (General Aptitude) questions.
  • General Aptitude will have 10 questions + Reading Comprehension 15 Questions and Economics will have 40 questions.
  • There is No Restriction to move to and from among the Papers.
  • All the questions are compulsory to attempt.

The table below shows the exam pattern of Gate General Aptitude and Economics:

GATE PaperNo. of QuestionsMaximum MarksDuration
General Aptitude1015Cumulative time duration of 3 hours.Shift 1: 9.30 AM – 12.30 PMShift 2: 2.30 PM – 5.30 PM
Reading Comprehension1525
Gate Economics4060
Total65 MCQs100 Marks180 minutes

Download GATE Economics Latest Syllabus 2025 – Click Here to Download

Latest Books Gate Economics [Good for Reference]

GATE Economics BooksAuthors/ Publishers
UGC NET Economics Arihant
Micro Economics: Anna KoutsoyiannisH.L. Ahuja
Indian EconomyMishra & Puri
UGC-NET: Economics (Paper-II) Exam GuideSanjay Kuma
Public FinanceS.K. Singh
Macro Economics Analysis by Edward ShapiroH.L. Ahuja
International TradeBo Sodersten
Statistics and EconometricsB. L. Agarwal

Check Free Sample PDF of Best Study Notes Economics Deign by Expert – Download Sample

GATE Economics[Humanities & Social Science] Study Tips How to Crack in First Attempt –

You Just Have to Fellow These Simple Steps to Crack GATE Economics Exam –

  •  Allot 120 days for preparation of Economics Subjects.
  • According to this timetable, divide each topic week-wise.
  • Look at the syllabus for Economics – GATE
  • Check out the Best Study Notes available at Diwakar Education Hub
  • During the preparation time, make summary notes for each and every topic
  • don՚t waste time deciding which topic is most important and which is not, give equal attention to each topic
  • If possible Make a List of weeks with the topic you allotted and one extra column which is about you successfully completed this topic or not, Because it will help you later when you revise the syllabus (it՚s silly but try it)
  • Do not depends on just one material try to get more and more information from different books, Wikipedia, various blogs and websites, and video tutorials.

Step 2: Solve Previous Year Paper

  • After completion of preparation it՚s not over here, it՚s just the first step. The next step is evaluation of your preparation which is done by solving the previous year’s papers.
  • Spend at least one week time for this paper solving section, because you will get a better idea about your preparation week area and paper pattern.

Step 3: Revision

  • After gathering your weakness next step is revision.
  • Same as above allot at list 1 to 2 weeks for revision and in this days go through all the notes which you prepare and week topics gathered in paper solving.
  • Also, check reviews for each topic you have made and study according to that.

GATE Economics Four-Month Preparation Plan 2025

GATE 2025 will be conducted in February. This gives you 4 months to prepare for the examination. Now we are fully aware of the fact that a single timetable cannot suit everyone’s preference. So, being mindful of that, we have prepared you a standard plan which you can modify as per your Schedule and daily schedule. 

Preparation Time4 Months (16 Weeks)
Total Chapters/ Topics to Prepare7
Total Sub-TopicsOver 60
Studying Hours Per Day 4 – 5 Hours
Number of Days Required to Prepare Each Chapter12 Days 
Number of Chapters Completed in a Month2 Chapters
Break Days or Extra Days Each Month2 – 3 Days*
Time Taken to Complete Entire Syllabus 3 Months
Remaining TimeOne Month
Days to Solve Sample Papers/ Model Papers/ Mock Tests20 Days
Days Left for Final Revision10 Days

Number of Candidates appearing for GATE Economics in 2023 Exam?

In gate Economics 2023 Total of 2307 Appeared for GATE Economics Code [XH-C1]

Career Scope After Qualified [Passed] GATE Economics Exam-

1.   Postgraduate (M.Sc) Entrance

The GATE score is considered a mandatory requirement for admission to post-graduate programs in different IITs Like IIT Delhi Offered M.sc in Economics under The Department of Humanities and Social Sciences. The process for recruitment for M.Sc programs involves qualifying for the GATE exam and clearing the cut-off for the respective college and then the interview stage for final admission.

Different benefits of the M.sc program are:

  • Better job opportunities
  • Higher pay packages
  • Subject specialization
  • Handsome stipend

GATE scorecard is valid for M.sc admission for three years.

2. Public Sector Undertaking (PSU) Entrance

GATE exam gained much popularity after various public-sector units (PSUs) signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) with IITs for recruitment through GATE. So, clearing GATE can also help you get direct government sector jobs. The most lucrative aspects of PSU jobs are:

  • High pay packages (above Rs 50,000 per month)
  • Work-life balance
  • Extra benefits such as oil or electricity at a subsidized rate
  • Support for higher education such as MBA

The recruitment procedure for PSU is a valid GATE score of the current year and then a round of Group Discussion (GD) and Personal Interview (PI). The weightage given to GATE score is between 75 percent to 85 percent. Different PSUs that recruit through GATE include PGCIL, NTPC, NHPC, IOCL, BHEL, etc. found that PSU recruitment is one of the most important reasons why students appear in GATE. As stated by the students, the majority of the students aim to get shortlisted for the recruitment done by different PSU

Why there is so much stress on getting selected for the PSUs? The major reasons behind doing a job in PSU contain a very good salary, job stability, benefits other than salary, and good social stature. In addition to that, candidates also focus on various exams conducted by different PSUs other than GATE. This exam includes the other PSU recruitment exams also like ISRO, DRDO, BARC, etc.

3. Ph.D. Entrance

After Qualified GATE You Do Not need to Appeared in Any University P.hd Entrance Exam {Written Test} Almost in All Central, State Universities Exempted for Written Exam. Even give you Huge weightage to be selected.

  • Research opportunities abroad
  • Stipend during the course
  • Eligibility requirement for Assistant professor job at IITs and IIITs.

The recruitment process for the Ph.D. program involves a valid GATE score and then facing an interview panel based on the respective interest area.

4. Fellowship Program in Management (FPM)

It is a five-year program run at IIMs. This program has the following features:

  • A monthly stipend of Rs 29,000-30,000 is offered
  • No tuition fees for four years and nine months
  • Students who live off-campus will get a house-rent allowance (HRA) of Rs 8,000 for a single student and Rs 13,000 for married students

For more details, you can visit different IIM websites.

5. Post Graduate Diploma in Management

National Institute of Industrial Engineering (NITIE) offers various courses in PGDM such as:

  • Post Graduate Diploma in Industrial Engineering (PGDIE)
  • Post Graduate Diploma in Manufacturing Management (PGDMM)
  • Post Graduate Diploma in Project Management (PGDPM)

For all the above Programs, the applicant should have a valid GATE (Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering) score as on June 15, with 60 percent aggregate marks (relaxable by five percent in case of SC/ST/PwD (Physically Disabled) candidates) .

6. MS Program

If you wish to go for higher studies abroad then you need not worry about exams such as GRE and TOEFL. There are some universities that consider GATE score for admission of Indian Students such as the National University of Singapore (NUS) and Nanyang Technological University (NTU).

GATE score must be within three years or less from the date of application and the GATE percentile must be above 90.

7. State Electricity Boards

Earlier different state electricity boards used to conduct independent exams but nowadays many of them are collaborating with IITs to recruit through GATE. Some of the state boards that recruit through GATE are West Bengal State Electricity Distribution Company Limited (WBSEDC), Punjab State Power Corporation Limited (PSPCL) and Odisha Power Generation Corporation Limited (OPGEN).

For recruitment, you have to apply with your GATE registration number on their respective websites.

8. Research Opportunities

There are certain research positions available through GATE in Bhabha Atomic Research Center (BARC). However, BARC conducts its examination for recruitment. Also, industries like ISRO conduct their exams in a similar pattern as GATE.

Frequently Asked Question GATE Economics

Q1. What is the GATE Cut Off for Economics 2021? 

Ans – Here are Cut -off Marks & Highest Marks out of 100 GATE Exam 2021

GATE Paper CodeHighest ScoreHighest Marks (out
of 100)		Cut-off Marks (out
of 100)
XH-C1
(Economics)		100062.6729.4
XH-C2 (English)98677.6741.7
XH-C3
(Linguistics)		100065.6735.3
XH-C4
(Philosophy)		10007137.9
XH-C5
(Psychology)		100077.3348.5
XH-C6
(Sociology)		10006634.3

 Question -2 Are candidates allowed to use a physical calculator to solve long and complex calculations asked in GATE Question Paper?

Ans. All the candidates are provided with an online virtual scientific calculator to be used to answer the questions. However, it is important to understand that this virtual calculator would be available to use only in the selected questions and not in all the questions. This virtual calculator has the same capability as a scientific calculator

Question -3: Is there any eligibility criteria regarding the nationality of a candidate?

Ans: No, candidates from India as well as other countries can apply for GATE 2022.

Question -4: How is the GATE cutoff decided?

Ans- GATE cutoff is decided by considering various factors like number of applicants, availability of seats, difficulty level of exam and performance of candidates. The conducting institute decides the cutoff in consultation with other responsible authorities.

Question -5 How easy to crack GATE Exam?
Ans: Cracking any exam needs a lot of hard work, time management, dedication and proper use of resources. If you are dedicated to crack GATE, you can clear it easily.

GATE Economics SyllabusGATE Economics Eligiblity Criteria
GATE Economics BooksGATE Economics Career Scope

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